Ukraine is now in its fourth year of full-scale armed aggression. The internal consequences for Ukrainian society are accumulating: population displacement, economic contraction, infrastructure destruction, and a growing number of people in precarious living conditions. At the same time, the frontlines have stabilised into a war of attrition. Maintaining societal resilience has become as strategically significant as military capability itself.

This roundtable will draw on a recent, first-of-its-kind risk assessment of societal resilience across five frontline oblasts (Odesa, Kherson, Mykolaiv, Zaporizhzhia, and Kharkiv) developed by the National Platform for Resilience and Social Cohesion with the support of CMI – Martti Ahtisaari Peace Foundation. Based on 88 expert respondents rating 60 threats by impact and likelihood, the assessment covers five dimensions: human security; social cohesion and trust in institutions; continuity of governance; critical life-support infrastructure; and information resilience. Findings will be presented by the authors. We believe this conversation is timely: European security and Ukrainian resilience are deeply interlinked and can actively support each other.